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Associated Factors and Latent Patterns of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Digestive Endoscopy Nurses: A
Qingqian Lu1, Yi Liu1, Yue Chen2
1Department of Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Digestive endoscopy nurses experience high rates of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), particularly in the neck, shoulder, and back. Frequent complex procedures and 6-10 years of experience are key risk factors for WMSDs.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Nursing Research
Background:
- Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are prevalent among hospital workers, especially nurses.
- Physical workload and poor posture are primary causes, with stress as a secondary factor.
- Digestive endoscopy nurses face increasing WMSDs, yet specific factors in China remain under-researched.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence, associated factors, and patterns of WMSDs among digestive endoscopy nurses in China.
- To identify specific risk factors beyond general workload and posture.
- To understand the distinct WMSD symptom clusters in this population.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 400 digestive endoscopy nurses from 35 cities across 10 Chinese provinces.
- Data collection using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ).
- Analysis via multivariable logistic regression and latent class analysis (LCA) to identify risk factors and WMSD patterns.
Main Results:
- High 12-month WMSD prevalence (82.5%), with neck, shoulder, and lower back most affected.
- Frequent complex endoscopic procedures (OR 1.6-1.7) and 6-10 years of experience (OR 1.7-2.5) were significant risk factors.
- Latent class analysis identified three WMSD patterns: Full-body Pain (19.0%), Neck-Shoulder-Lower Back-Upper Back Pain (42.25%), and Mild Pain (38.75%).
Conclusions:
- Digestive endoscopy nurses exhibit a high risk for WMSDs, driven by repetitive strain and ergonomic issues.
- Associations found are not causal due to the cross-sectional design.
- Recommendations include ergonomic training, workstation improvements, and workload optimization to protect nurses' health and care quality.
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