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Rethinking Long-Term Follow-Up of CPAP Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Toward Personalized and Integrated Care
Antonio Fabozzi1, Francesca Romana Manfredi1, Noemi Ascarelli1
1Pulmonology Unit, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Long-term management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) requires standardized care. Personalized, patient-centered approaches integrating telemedicine and primary care are crucial for improving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) adherence and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) diagnosis and initial treatment are established.
- Long-term management strategies for OSA patients lack standardization.
- Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) adherence presents ongoing challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature on long-term Obstructive Sleep Apnea management.
- To identify key factors influencing patient adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy.
- To propose an optimized, patient-centered model for OSA long-term care.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a narrative review of studies.
- Searched PubMed/MEDLINE database for publications from 2000 to 2026.
- Synthesized findings on adherence, interventions, and management models.
Main Results:
- Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) adherence and healthcare resource allocation are critical issues.
- Proactive interventions (phone calls, early visits) and telemedicine improve CPAP nightly usage and adherence.
- Integrating patient-reported outcomes, comorbidities, and phenotypic data is essential for follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Long-term Obstructive Sleep Apnea care should transition to a personalized, patient-centered model.
- Multidimensional risk stratification and multidisciplinary care are vital.
- Telemedicine and primary care support enhance long-term monitoring and issue identification.
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