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Association of MAX Copy Number Variation with Morphometric Traits in Chinese Cattle
Shiyi Lv1,2, Boyu Li1,2, Suyun Fan1,2
1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Copy number variations (CNVs) in the MAX gene are linked to cattle body measurements. This study identified breed-specific MAX CNV patterns associated with traits like chest girth in Chinese cattle.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Animal Genetics
- Quantitative Genetics
Background:
- Copy number variation (CNV) significantly impacts economically important traits by altering gene dosage and expression.
- The MYC-associated factor X (MAX) gene is crucial for cell proliferation and development, but its role in cattle morphometric traits is largely unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between MAX copy number variations (CNVs) and morphometric traits in five Chinese cattle breeds.
- To determine the breed-specific distribution patterns of MAX CNVs.
Main Methods:
- Genotyping of MAX CNVs using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in 572 Chinese cattle across five breeds.
- Association analysis of MAX CNVs with morphometric traits, including chest girth and hucklebone width.
Main Results:
- MAX CNVs showed distinct breed-specific distribution patterns, with 'gain' predominant in Qinchuan and 'loss' in Jinnan, Nanyang, and Xianan cattle.
- Nominal associations (p < 0.05) were found between MAX CNVs and chest girth in Jinnan cattle, and chest girth and hucklebone width in Nanyang cattle.
- MAX CNVs explained a notable percentage of phenotypic variance for associated traits, up to 13.6% for chest girth in Nanyang cattle.
Conclusions:
- MAX CNVs represent a potential breed-specific genetic locus influencing morphometric traits in Chinese cattle.
- Further validation and functional studies are required for potential applications in marker-assisted selection.
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