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Exploring the α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Bioactive Compounds from Persicaria odorata (Lour.) Extracts via
Muhammad Subhan1, Kamonpan Sanachai2, Bodee Nutho3
1Graduate School in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Persicaria odorata strongly inhibits alpha-glucosidase, offering a potent natural approach to managing postprandial hyperglycemia. Compounds like procyanidin B and rutin show promise as effective inhibitors with low toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
- Computational Chemistry
Background:
- Persicaria odorata possesses phytochemicals with reported alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
- The specific bioactive compounds responsible for this inhibition remain unidentified.
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibition is a key strategy for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the key bioactive compounds in Persicaria odorata responsible for alpha-glucosidase inhibition.
- To evaluate the inhibitory potential and mechanism of Persicaria odorata extract and its compounds against yeast alpha-glucosidase.
- To assess the therapeutic potential of Persicaria odorata for managing postprandial hyperglycemia in T2DM.
Main Methods:
- In vitro assays to determine alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Persicaria odorata extract.
- In silico studies, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, to elucidate binding interactions.
- Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis to determine the inhibition mechanism.
- Toxicity prediction of identified bioactive compounds.
Main Results:
- Persicaria odorata extract exhibited potent yeast alpha-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.31 µg/mL), significantly exceeding acarbose.
- The inhibition mechanism was determined to be noncompetitive.
- Molecular docking identified procyanidin B (P9) and rutin (P19) as top candidates with favorable binding interactions.
- Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of P9 and P19 complexes with alpha-glucosidase.
- P9 and P19 were predicted to have low toxicity, suggesting potential as safe alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
Conclusions:
- Persicaria odorata extract is a highly potent inhibitor of yeast alpha-glucosidase.
- Procyanidin B and rutin are likely key bioactive compounds mediating this inhibition.
- Persicaria odorata shows promise as an edible plant-based therapeutic for managing postprandial hyperglycemia in T2DM.
- Further in vivo and clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings.
