Urine-Derived Stem Cells: Challenges in Isolation, Biological Identity, and Therapeutic Potential in CKD-Associated...

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Stem Cell Biology
• Nephrology

Background:

• Urine-derived stem cells (UDSCs) are a readily accessible cell source with potential for regenerative medicine.
• They possess characteristics of both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and renal progenitor cells.
• Their unique profile suggests advantages for kidney-specific repair compared to conventional MSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of UDSC biology.
• To highlight their potential in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• To discuss challenges and future directions for UDSC applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of UDSC origin, isolation, characteristics, differentiation, and secretory profiles.
• Analysis of UDSC-mediated mechanisms in fibrosis and renal repair.
• Evaluation of preclinical findings and clinical validation status.

Main Results:

• UDSCs exhibit MSC traits and renal progenitor features, expressing relevant markers.
• Their bioactive mediators modulate inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis.
• Preclinical studies show promise for UDSCs in kidney regeneration and CKD treatment.

Conclusions:

• UDSCs represent a distinct and promising cell platform for kidney regeneration.
• Their intrinsic renal signature may enhance tissue-specific repair and homing.
• Further standardization and clinical validation are necessary to overcome existing challenges.