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Comparative Performance Analysis of Five Magnetometers for Geomagnetic Monitoring
Guillermo Caro1, Enrique Carrasco1, Joaquín Diaz Peña2
1Centro de Instrumentación Científica, Universidad Adventista de Chile (UNACH), Chillán 3780000, Chile.
Abstract:
Magnetometers are essential for monitoring the Earth's magnetic field in applications such as geophysics, space weather, navigation, and volcanic studies. While professional-grade instruments provide high reliability, their cost limits spatial coverage, particularly in remote regions. This study presents a comparative analysis of five ground-based magnetometers deployed simultaneously at Universidad Adventista de Chile (36.64° S, 71.99° W) from 5-8 August 2025. Noise, signal stability, and response to geomagnetic variations were evaluated, emphasizing the influence of ambient temperature. Fluxgate and subsurface-deployed instruments showed higher consistency and reduced thermal sensitivity, while low-cost magneto-inductive sensors exhibited strong linear temperature dependence, sometimes with temporal delays. Inter-instrument correlation analyses highlighted performance differences and the trade-offs between cost and reliability. The results demonstrate that low-cost magnetometers, if carefully deployed and calibrated, can complement professional-grade sensors, improve spatial coverage, and provide valuable geomagnetic observations in regions with limited infrastructure and logistical constraints.
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