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SGLT2 Inhibitors and Uric Acid Homeostasis

Ava M Zapf1, Owen M Woodward1

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease
|August 13, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) lower uric acid levels, benefiting patients with metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes. Further research is needed to understand the exact mechanisms behind this uricosuric effect.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • A link between metabolic disorders and hyperuricemia is known, but the precise relationship is unclear.
  • Hyperuricemia is a common comorbidity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).
  • Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) offer benefits for hyperglycemia, T2D, and associated cardio-renal conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the renal physiology of glucose and uric acid transport.
  • To discuss the renal consequences of hyperglycosuria and diabetes.
  • To explore potential mechanisms for the uricosuric effect of SGLT2i.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of renal physiology.
  • Analysis of SGLT2i effects on glucose and uric acid.
  • Discussion of potential uricosuric mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • SGLT2i treatment is associated with reduced plasma uric acid levels.
  • SGLT2i treatment increases urinary uric acid excretion (uricosuria).
  • The exact mechanisms driving these uricosuric effects require further elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2i may hold potential as a therapeutic option for gout and hyperuricemia.
  • Understanding SGLT2i's uricosuric mechanisms could optimize treatment strategies.
  • Further investigation into SGLT2i's renal effects is warranted.
Keywords:
SGLT2SGLT2 inhibitorsglucosegoutkidneyurateuric acid

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