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Incidence and Risk Factors for Bacterial Pneumonia in Nursing Home Residents
Pauline Logereau1, Alexis Bourgeais2, Olivier Brière2
1Univ Angers, School of Medicine, Health Faculty, University of Angers, Angers, France, Department of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, University Hospital, Angers, France.
Geriatrie Et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Bacterial pneumonia is common in nursing homes. Heart failure and swallowing disorders increase risk, while neurocognitive disorders and alcohol use may decrease it, though further research is needed.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Nursing home residents are a vulnerable population susceptible to bacterial pneumonia, a leading cause of illness and death.
- Understanding the incidence and risk factors for bacterial pneumonia in this setting is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of bacterial pneumonia among nursing home residents.
- To identify independent risk factors associated with bacterial pneumonia in this population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study over one year in a French nursing home.
- Inclusion of 392 residents (mean age 84.5 years).
- Statistical analyses including descriptive, univariable, and multivariable models to evaluate risk factors.
Main Results:
- The incidence of bacterial pneumonia was 18.6% (73 residents).
- Heart failure (OR 3.22) and swallowing disorders (OR 2.11) were independently associated with increased risk.
- Neurocognitive disorders (OR 0.22) and chronic alcohol use (OR 0.27) showed inverse associations, requiring cautious interpretation.
Conclusions:
- Heart failure and swallowing disorders are significant independent risk factors for bacterial pneumonia in nursing home residents.
- The inverse associations with neurocognitive disorders and chronic alcohol use warrant further investigation due to potential confounding.
- Pneumococcal vaccination, while not linked to lower incidence in this cohort, remains important for reducing disease severity based on prior evidence.
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