MXene-Based Nanomaterials for Bacterial Detection and Sonodynamic Sterilization

MXene-based nanomaterials are showing great potential in the biomedicine field, and particularly, they have already stood out to detect and eradicate the bacterial contamination/infection. This review started with the basic perception of MXene, and systematically described the structure, properties, preparation, and functionalization. Then MXene-based nanomaterials were explored towards the biosensors in a clear understanding, and many details on the bacterial detection were present by categorizing the signals. Meanwhile, a series of applications and successes of MXene-aided antimicrobial platforms were summarized, and according to the deep observation about the cooperation of MXene and ultrasound irradiation, the contributions of MXene-based nanomaterials to the sonodynamic sterilization were preached on different levels. Lastly, the challenges and opportunities of MXene-aided biosensing and sonodynamic sterilization were proposed significantly as well. All in all, the review aims to offer many new effective schemes in the bacterial detection and sterilization, and provides some insights for the theoretical/technical innovations of biomedical science.