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Nutritional Status as Predictor for Mortality in Older Adults With Acute Kidney Injury
Kidney & Blood Pressure Research
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Poor nutrition, including dysphagia and hyporexia, increases mortality risk in older adults with acute kidney injury (AKI). Early nutritional assessment and interventions are crucial for improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Area of Science:
- Geriatric Medicine
- Nephrology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Older adults (OA) have the highest incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI).
- Nutritional status is a modifiable factor influencing outcomes in hospitalized OA with AKI.
- Limited data exists on nutritional status as a mortality predictor in OA with AKI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the association between nutritional status and in-hospital mortality in older adults with AKI.
- To identify comorbidities and biochemical parameters as mortality predictors in this population.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study of hospitalized OA with AKI (KDIGO criteria).
- Comprehensive nutritional assessment within 48 hours of admission, including Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI).
- Logistic regression models adjusted for AKI severity to identify independent predictors of mortality.
Main Results:
- Dysphagia (aOR 6.11), hyporexia (aOR 2.24), and lower GNRI (aOR 1.07 per unit decrease) were independently associated with increased mortality.
- Higher mid-upper arm circumference showed a protective effect (aOR 0.78).
- No statistically significant difference in mortality between GNRI quartiles was observed (p = 0.098).
Conclusions:
- Poor nutritional status (dysphagia, hyporexia, low GNRI) independently predicts higher mortality in hospitalized OA with AKI.
- Preserved muscle mass is associated with a protective effect.
- Simple, bedside nutritional assessments can guide interventions to improve outcomes in high-risk OA with AKI.
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