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The role of the immune system in synchronizing physiological processes
1Research Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarina ave. 23, 603022, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; "Nanotechnology and Biotechnology" Department, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Minina st. 24, 603155, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
Current Opinion in Structural Biology
|August 13, 2026
Summary
The immune system, traditionally viewed as a defense mechanism, actively regulates and synchronizes internal organ functions. This review highlights its noncanonical roles in coordinating physiological processes through unique communication pathways.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Physiology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Homeostasis relies on synchronized intercellular communication.
- Nervous and endocrine systems traditionally viewed as primary regulators.
- Emerging evidence points to the immune system's regulatory role.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review noncanonical functions of the immune system.
- To establish the immune system as a key coordinator of internal organ physiology.
- To describe immune-mediated communication and signaling pathways.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of immunological and physiological studies.
- Analysis of immune cell signaling pathways.
- Examination of biochemical factors in physiological coordination.
Main Results:
- The immune system exhibits significant regulatory capabilities beyond defense.
- Immune-mediated communication facilitates synchronization without strict hierarchy.
- Specific examples demonstrate immune cells and factors coordinating organ systems.
Conclusions:
- The immune system is a critical, underappreciated coordinator of internal organ physiology.
- Immune system's noncanonical functions are vital for maintaining homeostasis.
- Understanding these roles opens new avenues for physiological research.
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