Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 15, 2026

10:22
Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements
Published on: September 7, 2019
Uncertainty principle limit for swept source OCT
Optics Express
|August 14, 2026
Summary
High sweep rates in swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT) can distort measurements due to time-bandwidth limitations. This study reveals a resolution limit at very high sweep rates, though not significant for current OCT systems.
Area of Science:
- Optical engineering
- Metrology
- Biomedical optics
Background:
- Swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT) utilizes dispersive Fourier transformation (DFT) for high-speed imaging.
- Accurate characterization of optical filters is crucial for the performance of OCT systems.
- Understanding measurement distortions at high sweep rates is essential for advancing OCT technology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To theoretically and experimentally investigate measurement distortions in optical filters at high sweep rates.
- To determine the time-bandwidth limitations affecting high-speed OCT measurements.
- To assess the impact of these limitations on the resolution of swept source OCT systems.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical analysis using time-bandwidth inequality principles.
- Experimental measurements of a 2-GHz wide Lorentzian optical filter.
- Extrapolation of findings to Mach-Zehnder filters used in swept source OCT.
Main Results:
- Measurements of optical filters are accurate at low sweep rates but distorted at high sweep rates.
- A time-bandwidth inequality (ΔνΔt < 1) defines the reliability of measurements.
- A resolution limitation exists at very high sweep rates (GHz/ns), though currently not significant for systems like MEMS tunable VCSEL-based swept sources.
Conclusions:
- High sweep rates in swept source OCT can introduce resolution limitations due to time-bandwidth constraints.
- Current swept source OCT systems, even with high sweep rates, are not significantly impacted by these limitations.
- Further research may be needed as sweep rates continue to increase in OCT technology.
Related Concept Videos
The Uncertainty Principle
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He mathematically...
Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this particular...
Limits with Oscillating Discontinuities
An oscillating discontinuity is a type of discontinuity in which a function’s values fluctuate infinitely often as the input approaches a particular point. Unlike jump discontinuities, where the function suddenly shifts between two values, or infinite discontinuities, where the function diverges without bound, an oscillating discontinuity arises from rapid back-and-forth variation. Because the function never stabilizes toward a single value, no finite limit exists at that point.One of the most...
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
Uncertainty: Overview
In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.
Sinusoidal Sources
Direct current (DC) refers to an electric current that flows in a single direction, maintaining a constant polarity. This is in contrast to alternating current (AC), which periodically changes its direction and magnitude. AC forms the backbone of modern electricity transmission and distribution systems due to its efficient long-distance transmission capabilities.
In homes, the power supplies use sinusoidal sources to provide electricity. These sources generate a voltage that varies sinusoidally...
In homes, the power supplies use sinusoidal sources to provide electricity. These sources generate a voltage that varies sinusoidally...

