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Factors Associated With Corneal Ulceration in Horses: 420 Cases (2020-2023)
Valeria Adamchick Galindo1, Langdon Fielding1
1Loomis Basin Equine Medical Center, Penryn, California, USA.
Summary
Increased wind speed and temperature are linked to higher rates of corneal ulceration in horses. Older age, deeper ulcers, and uveitis increase the risk of enucleation in affected horses.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Ophthalmology
- Equine Health
- Environmental Risk Factors
Background:
- Corneal ulceration is a common equine emergency.
- Environmental factors are suspected contributors to equine corneal disease.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for prevention and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between environmental factors and equine corneal ulceration.
- To identify risk factors for enucleation in horses with corneal ulcers.
- To inform equine veterinarians in the Western United States.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 420 horses with corneal ulceration.
- Data collected from equine emergency practices in the Western US (May 2020-Nov 2023).
- Statistical analysis using Poisson regression to assess environmental and clinical factors.
Main Results:
- Higher average wind speed and temperature correlated with increased corneal ulceration rates.
- Male horses had a higher prevalence of corneal ulcers.
- Older age, deeper ulcers, left eye involvement, and uveitis increased enucleation risk.
Conclusions:
- Wind speed and temperature are significant environmental risk factors for equine corneal ulcers in the Western US.
- Veterinarians should consider age, ulcer depth, and uveitis when assessing enucleation risk.
- Awareness of these factors can improve clinical management of equine corneal disease.
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