THE POTENTIAL HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PALMITOLEIC ACID AGAINST KETAMINE-INDUCED LIVER INJURY IN RATS: OXIDATIVE,...

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Ketamine administration can induce significant liver injury in rats.
• Inflammation and oxidative stress are key mechanisms underlying ketamine-induced hepatotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the dose-dependent effects of palmitoleic acid on ketamine-induced liver injury in rats.
• To assess the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of palmitoleic acid in this model.

Main Methods:

• Adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: control, ketamine, palmitoleic acid alone, and two groups receiving palmitoleic acid with ketamine at different doses.
• Palmitoleic acid was administered orally for 7 days, followed by ketamine injections on days 8 and 9 to induce liver injury.
• Serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured, along with histological examination of liver tissues.

Main Results:

• Ketamine treatment significantly increased serum levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6, indicating oxidative stress and inflammation.
• Histological analysis revealed hepatocyte degeneration, necrosis, vascular congestion, and inflammatory cell infiltration in ketamine-treated rats.
• Pretreatment with palmitoleic acid dose-dependently attenuated these biochemical and histological markers of liver injury.

Conclusions:

• Palmitoleic acid demonstrates protective effects against ketamine-induced liver damage in rats.
• The protective mechanism involves the reduction of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and tissue damage.
• Palmitoleic acid shows potential as a supplementary therapy to mitigate ketamine-induced hepatotoxicity, with higher doses offering greater benefit.