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Safety and Effectiveness of Liquid Embolics for Prostate Artery Embolization: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ahmet Gunkan1, Victor Arthur Ohannesian2, Salvatore Tumolo3
1Department of Medical Imaging, Division of Interventional Radiology, University of Arizona Medical Center, Tucson, AZ 85712, USA.
Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR
|August 14, 2026
Summary
Liquid embolics (LEs) show promising safety and efficacy for prostate artery embolization (PAE), particularly glue-based agents. Further research is needed to fully establish their role in PAE procedures.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Urology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is an established treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
- Liquid embolics (LEs) offer an alternative embolic agent to traditional particles in PAE.
- The safety and efficacy of LEs in PAE require systematic evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the literature on the use of liquid embolics (LEs) in prostate artery embolization (PAE).
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy outcomes of LEs in PAE procedures.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar).
- Studies with at least 5 patients undergoing PAE with LEs were included in the meta-analysis.
- Outcomes assessed included adverse events, changes in prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality-of-life (QoL).
Main Results:
- Eleven studies (913 patients) were included, predominantly using glue-based LEs.
- No severe adverse events were reported in the pooled safety analysis.
- Significant improvements were observed in QoL, prostate volume reduction, and IPSS at follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Liquid embolics, especially glue, demonstrate promising safety and efficacy for PAE.
- The current evidence base is largely derived from glue-based LEs.
- Further prospective studies are warranted to fully elucidate the role of LEs in PAE.
