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Organoid-based models in cerebrovascular disorders: Mechanistic insights and precision medicine
Jiaxin Zhang1, Yiren Zhang1, Mengchen Yu1
1Clinical Biobank Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China; Neurosurgery Centre, Engineering Technology Research Centre of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital Institute for Brain Science and Intelligence, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China.
Insights
Organoid technology offers a novel in vitro platform for studying cerebrovascular diseases like stroke. This approach aids in understanding disease mechanisms, enabling early diagnosis, and developing new treatments.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical research
- Regenerative medicine
- Neurology
Background:
- Cerebrovascular diseases are a major global cause of death and disability.
- Existing research models have limitations in fully replicating complex disease pathologies.
- Organoid technology presents a promising advancement for in vitro disease modeling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current applications of organoid technology in cerebrovascular disease research.
- To explore the establishment of organoid models for specific cerebrovascular conditions.
- To discuss the potential and limitations of organoids in advancing precision medicine for these diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies utilizing organoid technology for cerebrovascular disease research.
- Focus on organoid model establishment for cerebral cavernous malformations, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke.
- Analysis of mechanistic investigations and potential therapeutic applications.
Main Results:
- Organoid models allow in vitro simulation of cerebrovascular disease pathogenesis.
- They facilitate the study of angiogenesis and neurovascular unit interactions.
- Organoids show potential for early diagnosis, target discovery, and drug development.
Conclusions:
- Organoid technology provides a valuable platform for studying cerebrovascular diseases.
- Further optimization and clinical validation are necessary for widespread application.
- Organoids hold promise for advancing precision medicine in neurology and beyond.
Abstract:
Cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, including ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, intracranial aneurysms, and cerebrovascular malformations, imposing a heavy burden on society and families. Organoid technology, as a major breakthrough in the field of biomedicine, provides a new platform for the study of cerebrovascular diseases. By constructing organoid-based models of cerebrovascular diseases, researchers can simulate their pathogenesis in vitro and deeply explore key links such as angiogenesis and neurovascular unit interactions, providing a new platform for the early diagnosis of the diseases, the discovery of treatment targets, and drug development. This review summarizes the current progress of organoid technology in cerebrovascular disease research, focusing on model establishment and mechanistic investigations of disorders such as cerebral cavernous malformations, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke. Furthermore, we discuss the potential applications and current limitations of organoid platforms in disease modeling, drug screening, and future translational research. Although organoid technology holds promise for advancing precision medicine, further optimization, validation, and integration with clinical studies are required before broader clinical applications can be realized.