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PET/CT In paediatric lymphoma: Current role and advances
Akinwale Ayeni1, Tebatso Tebeila2, Mampoi Jonas3
1Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Nuclear Medicine, Klerksdorp/Tshepong Hospital Complex, Klerksdorp, North West Province, South Africa; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F] FDG) PET/CT is crucial for managing pediatric lymphoma, enabling tailored treatments and reducing toxicity. Advances in quantitative imaging and AI promise further improvements in diagnosis and monitoring for children.
Area of Science:
- Nuclear Medicine
- Pediatric Oncology
- Radiology
Background:
- ¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT is essential for pediatric lymphoma management, aiding staging, response assessment, and treatment adaptation.
- Response-adapted strategies, including radiotherapy omission for early responders, improve outcomes and reduce toxicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current and emerging applications of PET/CT in pediatric lymphoma.
- To highlight advancements in quantitative biomarkers, immunotherapy monitoring, AI, and novel radiotracers.
- To address challenges in standardization, validation, and clinical translation for pediatric practice.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature and clinical practices involving [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT in pediatric lymphoma.
- Discussion of emerging quantitative imaging biomarkers (MTV, TLG) and their role in assessing disease burden.
- Exploration of AI, radiomics, hybrid imaging (PET/MRI), and novel radiotracers for enhanced characterization and monitoring.
Main Results:
- [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT enables effective response-adapted treatment strategies, improving outcomes and minimizing long-term side effects in pediatric lymphoma.
- Quantitative biomarkers and AI/radiomics offer more comprehensive disease assessment and risk stratification.
- Emerging applications in immunotherapy and novel radiotracers show potential for refined disease characterization.
Conclusions:
- [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT is a cornerstone in pediatric lymphoma management, with ongoing advancements poised to further optimize care.
- Continued research and harmonization are vital for translating innovations into improved clinical outcomes for children with lymphoma.
- Addressing challenges in standardization and validation is crucial for widespread adoption of new PET/CT technologies in pediatric practice.
