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Endoscopic visualization of CT-confirmed accessory maxillary ostium: a retrospective study
Majid Bani-Ata1, Mohammed Qormat1, Mohammed Baker2
1Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Frontiers in Surgery
|August 15, 2026
Summary
Flexible fiberoptic endoscopy (FFE) rarely visualizes the accessory maxillary ostium (AMO), despite CT confirmation. CT imaging is superior for identifying AMO and aiding surgical planning for chronic sinus conditions.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Anatomy
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) is a common anatomical variant linked to sinus drainage issues and chronic sinus pathology.
- While both radiologic and endoscopic methods can identify AMO, the endoscopic visualization rate of CT-documented AMO is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the endoscopic visualization rate of AMO using flexible fiberoptic endoscopy (FFE) in patients with CT-documented AMO.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 274 patients with CT-confirmed AMO who underwent FFE.
- Excluded patients with prior sinus surgery.
- Collected demographic data, CT findings, and FFE results; analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Main Results:
- FFE visualized AMO in only 26% of patients with CT-confirmed AMO.
- CT identified AMO in 100% of cases.
- Maxillary sinus opacification was present in 49.6% of patients on CT.
Conclusions:
- Flexible fiberoptic endoscopy has a low visualization rate for CT-documented AMO.
- CT imaging is more effective for anatomical identification of AMO.
- CT should be considered for comprehensive evaluation and surgical planning in cases of AMO.