Point-of-care ultrasound in trauma: a systematic review of recent literature

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a vital diagnostic tool in trauma care, providing rapid bedside imaging to improve critical decision-making. Despite its growing use, a comprehensive understanding of its efficacy remains limited compared with traditional imaging methods, particularly in resource-constrained settings. This systematic literature review aims to synthesize recent research evaluating the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of POCUS, and the impact of training and advancements in POCUS technology, highlighting their role in enhancing trauma care practices. Following PRISMA guidelines, a thorough search of databases such as Scopus and Web of Science was conducted, identifying peer-reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2024. A total of 110 studies were selected based on their relevance to trauma applications of POCUS. Data were extracted, analyzed, and categorized into five themes: POCUS in (1) thoracic trauma, (2) abdominal trauma, (3) musculoskeletal trauma, (4) neurological and head trauma, (5) training and technological advances. The findings indicate that POCUS significantly improves diagnostic speed and supports earlier interventions, particularly in settings with limited access to advanced imaging. Furthermore, the review highlights the potential of POCUS to reduce reliance on more invasive procedures, thereby minimizing patient risk. Despite these advantages, challenges remain in standardizing training and ensuring consistent application across varied clinical environments. This review concludes that while POCUS is an effective adjunct to traditional imaging in trauma care, its full potential can be realized only through ongoing training and continued technological advancement. These insights underscore the need for further research to optimize POCUS protocols and expand their adoption in diverse healthcare settings.