Multiple surgical excision for bilateral multiple mediastinal liposarcoma: a case report

Multiple giant mediastinal liposarcomas are rare and associated with a high propensity for recurrence. Surgical management is extremely challenging and carries substantial risks. Here we report the case of a 40-year-old male patient who underwent multiple surgical resections for mediastinal liposarcoma. In April 2016, the patient presented with an intrathoracic mass and underwent right thoracotomy at our institution; postoperative histopathology confirmed a myxoid liposarcoma. Over the following decade, the patient received six cycles of chemotherapy and two cycles of anlotinib. In 2025, due to progressive dyspnea and chest tightness, chest computed tomography revealed multiple giant masses in the mediastinum and pleural cavity. In December 2025, the patient underwent resection of mediastinal tumors via a left seventh intercostal thoracotomy, followed by another resection via a right seventh intercostal thoracotomy in April 2026. Postoperative recovery was uneventful.