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Phytochemicals as Multitarget Therapeutics in Pancreatic Cancer: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Translational

Md Rezaul Islam1, Abdur Rauf2, F M Shourav3

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Phytotherapy Research : PTR
|August 17, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Phytochemicals show promise in fighting pancreatic cancer by targeting multiple pathways. Further research is needed to overcome challenges for effective clinical use of these natural compounds.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Pancreatic cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, is aggressive, diagnosed late, and resistant to conventional therapies.
  • Phytochemicals, derived from plants, are increasingly investigated for their potential anticancer properties.
  • Multitargeting key signaling pathways is a promising strategy for overcoming pancreatic cancer's complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals as multitarget agents against pancreatic cancer.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms and pharmacological properties of phytochemicals in pancreatic cancer.
  • To assess the translational relevance and clinical applicability of phytochemical-based pancreatic cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies on phytochemicals in pancreatic cancer.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms, including modulation of KRAS/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, STAT3, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
  • Evaluation of phytochemical effects on cancer hallmarks like proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Main Results:

  • Phytochemicals like curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol modulate multiple cancer-related signaling pathways.
  • Anticancer effects include suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition, induced apoptosis, reduced proliferation and angiogenesis, and modulated oxidative stress.
  • Preclinical data suggest synergistic potential with chemotherapeutics, but clinical evidence is limited and inconsistent.

Conclusions:

  • Phytochemicals exhibit significant potential as multitarget agents for pancreatic cancer treatment.
  • Challenges in clinical translation include pharmacokinetic limitations, insufficient validation, and lack of standardized dosing.
  • Combination therapies and nanotechnology-based delivery systems may enhance efficacy and overcome current limitations.
Keywords:
clinical insightsmultitarget therapypancreatic cancerphytochemicalssignaling pathways

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