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Published on: January 28, 2020

Role of Haematological Inflammatory indices in the Occurrence of Coronary Artery Disease: A Preliminary Retrospective

Pritika Dutta1, Thoushara Manmmadhan2, Dhiren Punja3

  • 1Department of Physiology, PES University Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, India.

Nigerian Medical Journal : Journal of the Nigeria Medical Association
|August 17, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) show promise as cost-effective biomarkers for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD). These inflammatory indices may aid in identifying CAD risk in the Asian Indian population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Inflammation Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of global mortality.
  • Hematological inflammatory indices are emerging as potential surrogate markers for CAD.
  • The Asian Indian population presents unique demographic factors for cardiovascular disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of five inflammatory indices with the occurrence of CAD.
  • To evaluate the discriminatory ability of these indices in the Asian Indian population.
  • To identify cost-effective biomarkers for adjunctive CAD diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study involving 131 male and 97 female participants.
  • Calculation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) from Complete Blood Count.
  • Collection of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) values.
  • Statistical analysis using Student t-test and Mann-Whitney test.
  • Diagnostic accuracy assessed via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC, sensitivity, specificity).

Main Results:

  • Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) exhibited superior discriminatory ability in both male and female participants.
  • Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for ESR and NLR were significant in both genders, indicating good diagnostic potential.

Conclusions:

  • ESR and NLR are identified as effective and economical biomarkers for coronary artery disease.
  • These inflammatory markers may serve as valuable adjunctive tools for CAD assessment in the Asian Indian population.
  • Further research can explore the clinical utility of ESR and NLR in routine CAD screening.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary Artery DiseaseLymphocytesNeutrophilsPlatelets

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