Mechanistic Insights Into Wall-Breaking Selenium-Enriched Yeast Intervention on Glycolipid Homeostasis in Type 2...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disorder closely associated with dietary factors, exhibits potential pathogenic links with gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of wall-breaking selenium-enriched yeast (WBS) through systematic exploration of its regulatory mechanisms on metabolism and gut microbiota in streptozotocin-induced T2DM rat models. Key findings revealed that the WBS effectively elevated selenium levels in serum and major tissues. Therapeutically, considerable improvements were observed in blood glucose-related parameters and glycolipid metabolism, alongside enhanced pancreatic function and antioxidant enzyme activities. Histopathological examination demonstrated attenuated fibrosis in liver and kidneys, accompanied by their functional restoration. Moreover, WBS reversed T2DM-induced gut dysbiosis, particularly enriching bacteria including Bacteroidota and Ruminococcus. Concurrently, fecal SCFA content showed marked elevation. The anti-inflammatory effects were evidenced by downregulated colonic inflammatory cytokines and related mRNA expressions. These findings provide theoretical foundation for developing selenium-enriched yeast products and formulating nutritional strategies for T2DM intervention. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The findings of this study help clarify the role of selenium-enriched yeast in modulating dysregulated glycolipid metabolism in Type 2 diabetes through the gut microbiota.