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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia
08:34

The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia

Published on: December 14, 2012

[Risk factors associated to amblyopia in children: a case-control study]

C R Plasencia1, J P Plasencia1, C C García1

  • 1Antenor Orrego Private University, Trujillo, Peru.

Vestnik Oftalmologii
|August 18, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Refractive errors like hyperopia and astigmatism, along with strabismus, are key risk factors for childhood amblyopia. Early detection and correction of these vision problems are crucial for prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Optometry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Amblyopia, or 'lazy eye,' is a leading cause of preventable visual impairment in children.
  • Identifying specific risk factors is crucial for developing effective early screening and intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate ocular and non-ocular risk factors associated with the development of amblyopia in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case-control study analyzed medical records of 62 children with amblyopia and 186 controls (ages 3-14).
  • Data included demographic, perinatal, and ocular characteristics.
  • Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, identified risk factor associations.

Main Results:

  • Hyperopia (OR=3.99), astigmatism (OR=3.82), and strabismus (OR=2.47) were significantly associated with amblyopia.
  • The combination of hyperopia and astigmatism showed the strongest association (OR=4.06).
  • No significant links were found with prematurity or socioeconomic status.

Conclusions:

  • Refractive errors (hyperopia, astigmatism) and strabismus are primary amblyogenic factors in this pediatric cohort.
  • Emphasizes the critical need for early vision screening and prompt correction of refractive and alignment issues to prevent amblyopia.

Keywords:
amblyopiacase-control studyrefractive errorsrisk factorsstrabismus

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