Laparoscopic Management of Gynaecological Emergencies: A Single-Centre Prospective Observational Study

Gynecological emergencies require rapid diagnosis and timely intervention to prevent morbidity and preserve fertility. Laparoscopy has increasingly replaced laparotomy in stable patients due to its minimally invasive advantages.

This prospective observational study was conducted at GEM Hospital, Coimbatore (June 2024-June 2025), including 46 hemodynamically stable women with acute gynecological emergencies. Clinical, imaging, intraoperative, and postoperative data were recorded and analyzed descriptively.

The mean age was 27.9 ± 11.1 years. Acute abdominal pain was the most common presentation (95.7%). Ultrasound confirmed pathology in 95.7% of cases. Adnexal torsion was the most frequent diagnosis (60.8%), followed by ectopic pregnancy (23.9%) and pelvic inflammatory disease (6.5%). Torsion was mainly managed with detorsion, cystectomy, and oophoropexy, achieving high ovarian preservation. Ectopic pregnancies were primarily treated with salpingectomy. All cases were completed laparoscopically without conversion. The operative time ranged from 50 to 160 minutes. Postoperative recovery was favorable, with 87% having no complications; minor complications occurred in 13%, with no major morbidity or readmissions.

Laparoscopy is a safe and effective approach for gynecological emergencies in stable patients, offering accurate diagnosis, organ preservation, and rapid recovery.