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Mapping Global Surgery Research in Brazil: A Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Ayla Gerk1, Matheus Daniel Faleiro2, Sarah Lopes Salomão3
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Introduction:
This review mapped global surgery research in Brazil and examined trends in the field 10 y after the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery (LCoGS).
Methods:
We searched 8 databases for global surgery studies published in Brazil over the past decade. The study followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
Results:
We screened 12,470 records, of which 111 were included. Publications increased over the decade, peaking in 2022 (n = 17). Most studies were cross-sectional (71.2%) or cohort designs (23.4%), with general surgery (n = 19), obstetrics (n = 18), and pediatric surgery (n = 15) as the most represented specialties. International collaboration was most frequent with the United States (20 papers) and Canada (9 papers). Despite the broad use of global surgery concepts, only one study (0.9%) explicitly referenced "global surgery." Reporting of LCoGS indicators was inconsistent: most studies included one (37.8%) or two (31.5%), with volume of surgery (76.6%) and timely access (43.2%) most frequently studied.
Conclusions:
This is the first nationwide assessment from an low- and middle-income country of the impact on research outputs 10 y after the LCoGS, revealing an expanding but uneven research landscape and underscoring the need to strengthen methodological rigor, regional representation, and standardized indicator reporting to support surgical system planning and advance Brazil's role in surgical system strengthening.