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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: October 13, 2016
[Memory distortions in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: an underestimated diagnostic parameter]
Tatsiana Mliavaya1, Lorenz Hofbauer2, Claudia Matthes1
1Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany, Dresden.
Abstract:
Dementia disorders such as Alzheimer`s disease (AD) are not exclusively characterized by memory deficits, but also by false memories. False memories are relevant with regard to functional impairments in various areas of life and also entail potential risks. Moreover, false memories are more specific predictors for amyloid pathology in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, and therefore require consideration in contextualized dementia diagnostics. In addition to functional impairment in the medial temporal lobe, according to recent literature, deficient frontal and executive functions are also important in the development of false memories. At present, little is known about the association between memory errors and brain structural aspects in non-AD dementias.
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