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The Evolution of Female Authorship in Facial Plastic Surgery: Changing Trends Over Time
Manuela von Sneidern1, Arianna Winchester1, Arman Saeedi1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Background:
Women have historically been underrepresented in surgical subspecialties like facial plastic surgery. Authorship is a key metric in career progression; hence, it is important to assay progress in this domain.
Study Objectives:
To identify trends in female authorship within facial plastic surgery over time.
Methods:
Publications from three facial plastic surgery journals were reviewed for the gender of authors from 2007 to 2022. Female authorship across time was compared using chi-squared and Cochrane-Armitage trend tests.
Results:
A total of 6,921 original research articles were identified; 2,419 articles (34.9%) had female authorship. Female authorship showed a significant increase over time for first/single authors (p = 0.028), last authors (p = 0.015), and all authors combined (p = 0.013). Male authorship was significantly higher across all years studied (p = 0.008). Facial Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine (FPSAM), Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS) had significant increases in overall female authorship from 2007 to 2022 (p = 0.003 and p = 0.03, respectively). FPSAM showed a significant increase in female first/single authorship (p = 0.001), while PRS showed a significant increase in female last authorship (p = 0.02).
Conclusion:
Female authorship in facial plastic surgery is increasing over time. First/single authorship is advancing more rapidly, possibly reflecting more female trainees advancing their careers. Further work is needed to support female representation in the facial plastic surgery literature.
