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Education Research: Validation of an AI-Powered Educational Platform for Neuroanatomical Localization and Stroke
Thales Pardini Fagundes1, João Brainer Clares de Andrade2,3,4, Alice Marilia Silva Abreu Mota5
1Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Background And Objectives:
Neuroanatomical localization is foundational to stroke practice but remains difficult across training levels. We evaluated whether LouiS, an AI educational platform using retrieval-augmented generation over a curated stroke-syndrome knowledge base, improves the proportion of correct responses for neuroanatomical localization and stroke-syndrome recognition, with a focus on its potential as a teaching aid.
Methods:
This two-phase study recruited 80 participants from 3 Brazilian university-affiliated centers. Phase 1 used web-app allocation with browser-fingerprint persistence to keep each participant in the same test condition, with or without LouiS, across repeated access. Phase 2 used a within-participant paired design in which 62 participants evaluated case-matched vignettes first without and then with LouiS. Participant-level scores used the actual number of scorable responses in each condition. The allocation protocol required exposure to higher-difficulty vignettes and supplemented them with randomly selected cases. The primary outcome was the proportion of correct responses against a consensus reference standard.
Results:
Across the pooled response-wise dataset including phase 1 and available phase 2 responses, correct responses increased from 63.4% without LouiS to 71.9% with LouiS (absolute difference 8.5 percentage points; 95% CI 2.79-14.20; generalized estimating equation OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.67; p = 0.003). In phase 2, median participant-level proportion correct increased from 62.1% [IQR 60.0-80.0] without LouiS to 80.0% [IQR 60.0-100.0] with LouiS, a mean within-participant gain of 7.9 percentage points (95% CI 4.10-11.75; Wilcoxon W = 23.0, p = 0.0002; Cohen d = 0.53). In paired response-wise analysis, 30 responses changed to correct and 5 to incorrect (McNemar χ2 = 16.46, p < 0.0001). Deviations clustered on differential-diagnostic pairs.
Discussion:
Use of LouiS was associated with improved performance in neuroanatomical localization and stroke-syndrome recognition during case-based testing. The findings support LouiS as an educational aid for neuroanatomical reasoning and continuing medical education. Knowledge retention, behavior change, and real-world clinical outcomes require separate prospective evaluation.