The lived experiences of social isolation among cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-synthesis

Despite significant improvements in cancer survival rates, social isolation remains a major threat to patient well-being and reintegration into society. This study systematically reviews and integrates qualitative findings to elucidate the lived experience of social isolation among cancer patients.

A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify qualitative studies involving patients with cancer that were published in English or Chinese from database inception to August 2025. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool for qualitative research was used to assess the quality of studies. Findings from included studies were synthesized using the JBI meta-aggregation approach to generate categories and synthesized findings.

A total of 3691 records were identified, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria and comprised data from 748 patients with cancer. Two synthesized findings were generated: (1) disruptions in individual, interpersonal, and societal functioning were triggers of social isolation among cancer patients; (2) social isolation among cancer patients manifested as individual social withdrawal and disengagement, disrupted supportive and caring interpersonal connections, and restricted societal inclusion.

This meta-synthesis provides a comprehensive understanding of the triggers and manifestations of social isolation after a cancer diagnosis. These findings may inform early identification of at-risk patients and the development of interventions that strengthen support from family members, healthcare professionals, fellow patients, and societal resources.

PROSPERO CRD420251143574.