Non-pharmacological strategies for the management of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease affecting various cognitive domains, requiring a holistic and integrated therapeutic approach. The treatment of AD goes beyond pharmacological interventions, also necessitating non-pharmacological therapies that can act synergistically, both with each other and with emerging pharmacological treatments, including new anti-amyloid therapies. These therapies aim to improve patients' quality of life and alleviate behavioral symptoms, such as agitation and depression, and delay disease progression. Current clinical and meta-analytic evidence suggests that these approaches can be effectively integrated with conventional treatment, offering a valuable alternative to enhance patients' overall well-being. However, further research is needed to deepen the understanding of the ideal combination of the new anti-amyloid therapies, to address the limitations of current evidence, and to robustly establish their effectiveness in the clinical context of AD, aiming to generate a broader and more lasting impact on disease treatment. This narrative review aims to synthesize the evidence on diverse non-pharmacological therapies for managing AD and discuss their practical implications for clinical care.