[CACA guidelines for the prevention and control of nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer therapy (2026 edition)]

Anticancer therapy-induced nausea and vomiting (AINV) significantly impacts patients' quality of life and treatment completion. To standardize the whole-course management of AINV under diversified treatment modalities, the Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-Care of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association organized multidisciplinary experts, and based on the GRADE evidence system and the Delphi method, formulated the "CACA guidelines for the prevention and control of nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer therapy (2026 edition)" (applicable to adults, excluding children), and the contents cover: (1) systematizing the multi-pathway mechanisms including peripheral 5-HT₃ receptor and central NK1 receptor; (2) recommending a dynamic comprehensive assessment combining regimen risk and individual patient risk; (3) developing a visual decision tree that, integrating innovative drugs accessible in China, provides stepwise medication regimens for AINV induced by systemic drug therapy, radiotherapy, surgery and others; (4) integrating non-pharmacological interventions such as acupuncture and dietary measures to reflect Chinese practice; (5) proposing management pathways for refractory, breakthrough, and anticipatory AINV; (6) focusing on the management of adverse drug reactions to NK1 receptor antagonists, 5-HT₃ receptor antagonists, olanzapine, and other drugs; (7) expanding on pre-treatment and follow-up in day-care wards, criteria for initiating multidisciplinary collaboration, integrated patient-nurse-doctor alliances, and core quality control indicators. This guideline aims to provide clinical practice with evidence-based, China-specific standardized protocols for the whole-course prevention and treatment of AINV, so as to improve patients' quality of life.