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Updated: Aug 26, 2026
Non-invasive Optical Imaging of the Lymphatic Vasculature of a Mouse
Published on: March 8, 2013
Lymphatic Imaging and Interventions in Children: Current Practice
C C Pieper1, D Rabinowitz2, G Maleux3
1Division for Minimally Invasive Lymphatic Therapy, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany. claus_christian.pieper@ukbonn.de.
Purpose:
To provide a decision-oriented overview of clinical manifestations, imaging strategies, and minimallyinvasive treatment of pediatric lymphatic flow disorders.
Materials And Methods:
Current practice in fluoroscopic lymphangiography, dynamic contrast-enhanced magneticresonance lymphangiography, and image-guided interventions was reviewed, emphasizing congenital heart disease,complex lymphatic anomalies, procedural adaptations, and safety.
Results:
Lymphatic flow disorders can cause chylous eff usions, plastic bronchitis, protein-losing enteropathy, andlymphedema. Modern imaging enables high-resolution assessment of anatomy and abnormal flow and guidesselective interventions. Small clinical series report favorable outcomes after selective embolization of abnormallymphatic channels; however, inappropriate or nonselective embolization may worsen lymphatic failure.
Conclusions:
Accurate clinical characterization, tailored imaging, and treatment in experienced multidisciplinarycenters are essential for safe, individualized management.
