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Implementing Orem's Self-Care Model on Health-Promoting Behaviors in Patients with Heart Failure: A
Nasrin Razavi Tazeshahri1, Amin Soheili1, Masumeh Akbarbegloo1
1Department of Nursing, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran.
Objective:
Given that heart failure is a chronic disease and lifelong adaptation is necessary, patients are expected to follow a set of health behaviors to take care of themselves. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Orem self-care program on patients' health-promoting behaviors.
Methods:
A quasi-experimental design was employed. 60 heart failure who were admitted to Khatam Al-Anbiya Hospital, Salmas (Iran) between December 15, 2025 to April 20, 2026, were assigned to the intervention (n= 30) and control (n = 30) groups after convenience sampling. The intervention group received four individual educational sessions based on the Orem support-education system, for 30 to 45 minutes, over one month, by a specialist nurse. The control group received the usual care. Data were collected using demographic characteristics, Orem's self-care needs, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP:II) questionnaires at the pre-test and three months after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 20.0, and was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics were used.
Results:
Findings showed that Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, LDL, glucose, and triglyceride levels decreased in the intervention group after education (P <0.05). The mean score of Orem's self-care needs and HPLP:II in the intervention group increased by 14 and 46.5 units, respectively (P<0.001). The regression coefficient showed that the use of the educational method increased the mean score of Orem's self-care needs and HPLP:II by an average of 34.32 and 101.39, respectively, under the fixed effect of other predictor variables. Additionally, the effect of the educational method on the scale scores was direct and significant (P<0.001).
Conclusion:
According to the results, incorporating self-care education programs into routine care processes can be an effective strategy to improve outcomes for patients with cardiovascular disease, reduce the care burden, and improve their quality of life.
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