Advances in Oncohematology Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies and CAR T-Cell Therapies

The role of immunotherapy in oncohematology is well established. Monoclonal antibodies have undergone substantial development in recent years, targeting a wide range of molecules (including surface antigens, immune checkpoints, and cytokines) and have demonstrated clinical utility across various hematologic malignancies, including leukemias, lymphomas, and myelomas. The emergence of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, has provided an additional and promising therapeutic option. This rapidly evolving field continues to expand therapeutic possibilities. The objective of this literature review is to summarize novel immunotherapeutic strategies in oncohematology, including monoclonal antibody- and CAR T-cell-based approaches, and to review the key findings from recent clinical trials.