Science and communication as the foundation of food safety

The reliability of scientific information and the appropriateness of its communication across stakeholders are essential for effective food control systems. Reliable science supports risk assessment, informs evidence-based decision-making and policy development, and provides the basis for implementing effective controls across the global food supply chain. However, scientific data may contain limitations or uncertainties that must be carefully assessed and addressed when used as the basis for food safety management and regulatory decisions. This paper emphasizes the need for robust science and for its clear, reliable communication across all stakeholders to support and advance food safety. It is structured around four objectives: first, it describes the role of science in ensuring safe food and clarifies some relevant concepts. Second, it encourages scientists seeking new research directions to consider generating data aligned with regulatory needs, illustrated by one case study. Third, it addresses the shared responsibility of stakeholders in the early stages of the scientific process to guarantee the generation of high-quality data and the accurate and unambiguous communication of scientific findings. Finally, it briefly discusses scientific and communication challenges in food safety. The article targets scientists, policymakers, and professionals interested in food safety, in strengthening science-based approaches and effective risk communication across the food system.