Crosstalk between m⁶A modification and metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer: from the immune microenvironment...

N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification is the most common epigenetic alteration in eukaryotic mRNA, significantly impacting metabolic reprogramming and the tumor microenvironment (TME) of colorectal cancer (CRC) by dynamically regulating RNA metabolic processes. Recent studies indicate that m⁶A modification interacts with CRC metabolic reprogramming, fostering an immunosuppressive TME. Specifically, m⁶A modification promotes CRC progression by regulating glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism while inhibiting the activity of antitumor immune cells (such as T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages) and activating tumor immunosuppressive cells (including tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells, tumor-associated neutrophils, and cancer-associated fibroblasts). This article systematically reviews the molecular mechanisms through which m⁶A modification drives the malignant progression of CRC via metabolic regulation, elucidates the metabolic network involving m⁶A modification and its role in shaping TME, and discusses the clinical potential of targeting m⁶A modification and/or metabolic pathways, offering novel research avenues for CRC treatment.