Global Status of Insecticide Resistance in Malaria Vectors: A Comprehensive Review

Insecticidal Residual Spray (IRS) is a long-standing preventive measure in Mosquito vector control. The widespread use of insecticides for malaria vector control has led to increasing resistance in malaria vectors, creating a major global challenge. This article addresses the current situation and geographical patterns of pesticide resistance, as well as the consequences for global malaria control and eradication efforts. Information from surveillance and monitoring programmes is synthesised to provide a summary of resistance patterns to commonly used pesticides, including pyrethroids, organochlorines, carbamates and organophosphates. The assessment highlights the impact of resistance on malaria transmission and on the effectiveness of vector control, and emphasises the urgent need for integrated resistance management, strengthened surveillance and novel vector control methods to sustain and advance global malaria control efforts.