Electrochemical biosensing of non-coding RNAs for prostate Cancer diagnosis and prognosis

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignancy with high mortality, partly due to the lack of reliable diagnostic methods. In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained recognition as promising indicators for accurate disease detection and outcome prediction, given their inherent stability and expression profiles that are specific to pathological states. To enable the measurement of these biomolecules, a range of biosensors especially electrochemical sensing systems have been developed, providing advantages such as high precision in diagnosis, fast response times, and low cost. The present review focuses on the significance of ncRNAs as diagnostic markers for PCa and summarizes recent progress in biosensing technologies, emphasizing electrochemical methods designed to identify ncRNAs associated with this cancer.