Epidemiology, Treatment Patterns, and Survival Outcomes in Patients With Uterine Cancer in a Real-World Setting in...

Uterine cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies globally, with increasing incidence in developing countries. This study evaluates epidemiology, clinical and surgico-pathological characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes in patients with uterine cancer from a tertiary care center in India. This ambispective observational study included 111 patients diagnosed with uterine cancer who had undergone primary treatment between January 2018 and December 2024. Data on demographic parameters, clinical presentation, imaging, histopathology, treatment modalities, and survival were analyzed using SPSS v25. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The median age was 57 years, with the majority being postmenopausal (83.78%). The most common presenting symptom was postmenopausal bleeding (69.37%). Endometrioid adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological subtype (68.93%) in endometrial biopsy. Surgery was performed in 91.89% of cases. FIGO 2023 staging classified 55.85% as stage I. 10.81% of cases were upstaged with FIGO 2023 staging when compared to FIGO 2009 staging distribution. Low-grade endometrioid carcinoma was the most predominant (66.67%) histopathological type in the final histopathology. The median OS was highest (59.667 months) for low-grade endometrioid carcinoma. Node positivity was associated with significantly poorer OS (p = 0.002). Histological subtype significantly influenced PFS (p = 0.006), with sarcomas having the worst outcomes. Uterine cancer predominantly presents in postmenopausal women and is often diagnosed at an early stage. Endometrioid histology is the most common subtype. Overall survival is favorable in early-stage and non-aggressive histologies. Node positivity and aggressive histology significantly affect prognosis.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13193-025-02519-x.