Understanding gingival pigmentation; insights from the Malaysian population: A cross-sectional study

Gingival pigmentation varies across populations, yet limited research exists on its prevalence and contributing factors within the Malaysian population. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the prevalence, distribution and factors influencing gingival pigmentation among 100 participants from different ethnic groups in Malaysia. Data were collected through clinical examinations and questionnaires assessing demographic, lifestyle and ethnic variables. The study found significant ethnic variations, with Malays and Indian participants exhibiting higher pigmentation levels, particularly among smokers. Thus, we document comprehensive insights into gingival pigmentation patterns in Malaysia, which may inform clinical practice and future research.