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Speech-based relapse prediction in psychosis using explainable AI: Protocol for the international multicentre
Roya Melanie Hüppi1,2, Lucía Bautista1, Giacomo Cecere1,2
1Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Introduction:
The course of psychotic disorders typically involves relapses. Early warning signs vary between individuals and are difficult to detect in clinical practice, especially in outpatient settings. Speech provides a quantitative clinical marker for detecting such early warning signs. The EU Horizon project TRUSTING (A TRUSTworthy speech-based AI monitoring system for the prediction of relapse in individuals with schizophrenia) aims to develop and evaluate a speech-based monitoring system for predicting imminent psychotic relapses. The study will examine the potential for prospective relapse prediction, and feasibility and usability of the monitoring system.
Methods And Analysis:
In this multicentre observational study, n=240 remitted and at-risk-of-relapse adults with psychotic disorders and a comparison group with n=120 healthy participants (matched by age and sex) will be examined at six sites and in six different languages (German, French, Dutch, English, Czech and Turkish). The follow-up period is 6 months. The TRUSTING smartphone app will be used to collect weekly voice recordings through speech tasks; information on medication adherence, substance use, mood, anxiety and sleep quality; and motor data from a tapping task. Primary endpoints encompass model performance for relapse prediction, user adherence, transcription quality, usability of recordings and overall system usability. The primary analysis of user adherence, transcription quality, usability of recordings and overall system usability will be an unadjusted description of the respective proportions using 95% Wilson confidence intervals. Regarding relapse prediction, the predictive value of the risk estimates for relapse occurrence will be assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Exploratory analysis will be performed on potential speech-based markers associated with relapse risk.
Ethics And Dissemination:
This study has been approved by swissethics (Business Administration System for Ethics Committees number: 2025-01177). Findings from this project will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications and presentations at relevant scientific conferences, as well as at public events related to mental health.
Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT07397975.
