A Stretchable and Biocompatible Electrode Array-Chip System for Real-Time Hand Gesture Classification

Human-machine interfaces demand soft bioelectronic systems capable of acquiring high-fidelity electrophysiological signals while maintaining mechanical compliance comparable to human skin. Here, we report a stretchable and conductive electrode array based on a PEDOT:PSS composite modified with Poloxamer and polar solvents. The synergistic doping strategy enhanced mechanical compliance, reduced impedance, and improved conformability, enabling stable acquisition of diverse electrophysiological biosignals. To realize a practical bioelectronic system, the electrode array was integrated with a custom-designed, low-power biointerface circuit capable of multichannel amplification, filtering, and digitization. The integrated platform enabled real-time classification of hand gestures from 20-channel electromyography recordings with high accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrate its application as a human-machine interface by enabling calculator control as an augmentative and alternative communication tool. This work lays the technological foundation for next-generation stretchable bioelectronic interfaces, bridging human intent and machine intelligence through seamless, reliable interaction.