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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
Characteristics of Primary and acquired multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in West Java, Indonesia
Prayudi Santoso1, Alya Putri Khairani2, Eppy Buchori3
1Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Objectives:
The increasing incidence of primary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) creates a new burden in national tuberculosis (TB) control. Understanding the characteristics of primary MDR-TB aids in predicting its spread. This study aimed to determine the differences in characteristics of primary and acquired MDR-TB patients in a hospital setting in Indonesia.
Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study of adult patients (aged >18 years) with pulmonary MDR-TB who received treatment at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, West Java, Indonesia. Patients who finished MDR-TB treatment between 2020 and 2022 were included. Patients whose therapeutic outcomes could not be determined and those with incomplete data were excluded.
Results:
This study included 337 participants; 32% were primary MDR-TB and 68% were acquired MDR-TB. Findings showed a significant difference between primary and acquired MDR-TB by contact with a TB index case. Primary MDR-TB was 4.31 times higher in patients who had contact (prevalence odds ratio 4.31, 95% confidence interval 2.65-7.01). Other characteristics showed some differences but were not statistically significant.
Conclusion:
Contact with the TB index case was found to differ significantly between primary and acquired MDR-TB. The transmission-driven nature of drug-resistant TB underscores the urgent need to reposition contact investigation and preventive therapy as central pillars of the MDR-TB control strategy.
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