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Updated: Sep 1, 2026

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
Published on: December 4, 2013
The effect of differences in viewing environment and method on physiological responses and perceptual stability while
Yasuyuki Matsuura1,2, Shiyu Hitomi3, Sota Hibino3
1Department of International Studies and Communications, Faculty of Glocal Policy Management and Communications, Yamanashi Prefectural University.
Background:
Stereoscopic (3D) viewing can induce motion sickness and visual discomfort under specific environmental conditions. Light adaptation is not always linear; preceding light exposure influences subsequent physiological responses (hysteresis). However, hysteresis in 3D viewing has rarely been studied.
Objective:
This exploratory study examined whether physiological responses exhibit hysteresis-history-dependent asymmetries between increasing and decreasing illuminance phases-under combinations of low illuminance, color temperature, and viewing mode.
Methods:
Eight healthy adults (age 21.75 ± 0.97 yr) were exposed to stereoscopic video under eight conditions (2 color temperatures × 2 illuminance-change directions × 2 viewing modes). Illuminance was varied in stepwise fashion (10-260 lx). Electroencephalogram (EEG; Fp1/Fp2), electrocardiogram (ECG), and Stabilometry were recorded. Repeated-measures ANOVAs with Benjamini-Hochberg FDR correction and paired Hedges' g effect sizes were computed.
Results:
Large hysteresis effects were observed for postural sway (Hedges' g = 0.66-1.01) and moderate effects for theta-band EEG (|g| ≈ 0.5-0.65), particularly in peripheral vision under low illuminance. Stabilometry was significantly greater at 10 lx compared to higher illuminances (p < 0.05). The interaction between illuminance and illuminance-change direction was significant for total locus length per unit area (L/A) in peripheral vision under daylight color.
Conclusions:
Postural control, but not autonomic function, exhibited strong history dependence in response to illuminance changes during 3D viewing. Findings suggest minimum illuminance guidelines (∼80-100 lx) and consideration of illuminance-ramp rates for VR safety and 3D content design.
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