Which heart failure phenotypes benefit from GLP-1 receptor agonists?

GLP‑1 receptor agonists reduce heart failure hospitalization in pooled analyses, but whether this benefit applies across the spectrum of heart failure phenotypes remains unclear. This correspondence highlights that dedicated trials showing efficacy in obesity‑associated HFpEF enrolled highly selected populations, whereas the included cardiovascular outcome trials lacked detailed heart failure phenotyping. Evidence for GLP‑1RAs in HFrEF is limited. We call for standardized heart failure phenotyping and phenotype‑specific analyses to clarify whether the observed benefit is a class effect or preferentially confined to metabolically defined subgroups.