Ultrasound diagnosis of intrauterine device embedment complicated by bladder stone formation: a case report

To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in intrauterine device (IUD) embedment complicated by bladder stone formation and to discuss the clinical approach to diagnosis and management.

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, ultrasound findings, imaging studies, and surgical course of a patient who underwent IUD removal due to family planning. Relevant literature was reviewed and discussed.

The patient presented for IUD removal and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound revealed an abnormally positioned IUD with downward displacement and rotation, with one arm penetrating through the uterine serosa toward the bladder wall. Echogenic foci with acoustic shadowing were observed in the bladder. Pelvic CT confirmed IUD embedment with penetration through the uterus into the bladder and bladder stone formation. After infection control, the patient underwent multi-endoscope combined minimally invasive surgery. Intraoperative findings confirmed the ultrasound diagnosis. The patient recovered well postoperatively without complications.

Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound can clearly demonstrate the position and morphology of the IUD and its spatial relationship with the uterus and bladder. It is the preferred imaging modality for diagnosing IUD embedment complicated by bladder stone formation and provides important evidence for surgical planning.