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Updated: Sep 3, 2026
Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
Published on: September 1, 2023
Efficacy of the LEARNS-Based Health Education Program on Motor Recovery, Self-Efficacy, and Rehabilitation Adherence
Tingting Ji1,2, Fang Wang1, Yinyue Zhou1
1Taizhou Fourth People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Background:
Motor recovery in stroke survivors often declines post-discharge. This study evaluated the efficacy of a LEARNS-based health education program on functional recovery and behavioral adherence.
Methods:
In this single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 128 ischemic stroke patients were assigned to either a LEARNS-based intervention (n=64; mean age: 72.9 years; 40.6% male) or a control group (n=64; mean age: 72.5 years; 42.2% male). Primary outcome was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) score measured across a 3-month follow-up period at baseline (T0), discharge (T1), 1-month (T2), and 3-month (T3) follow-ups. Linear Mixed-Effects Models were used for statistical analysis.
Results:
A total of 117 participants completed the 3-month follow-up (overall attrition rate: 8.6%, 11/128). Baseline mean FMA scores were comparable between groups (32.1 in intervention vs 31.8 in control). A significant Group by Time interaction was found for FMA scores (β = 3.81, p < 0.001). At T3, the intervention group achieved significantly higher motor recovery compared to the control group (mean FMA score: 54.2 vs 43.0; Difference = 11.21, p < 0.001). The intervention group also showed significant improvement in self-efficacy at T1 and sustained higher rehabilitation adherence through T3, whereas the control group demonstrated a significant decrease in adherence post-discharge.
Conclusion:
The LEARNS model effectively improves post-discharge motor recovery and sustains self-efficacy and long-term adherence in ischemic stroke patients.