Advances in the Prevention and Nursing Care of Postoperative Complications After Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease among middle‑aged and older men worldwide and tends to progress over time. For patients with severe BPH, surgery is still the main treatment and is generally considered the most definitive option. With the growing use of various surgical techniques, such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and laser enucleation, the prevention and management of postoperative complications have become key determinants of patient outcomes. This narrative review aimed to explore the mechanisms and risk factors for common complications after BPH surgery, including bleeding, urinary incontinence, urethral stricture, bladder neck contracture (BNC), urinary tract infection (UTI), and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Furthermore, prevention strategies and nursing interventions are summarised from two perspectives. Current evidence suggests that the nursing approach has shifted from simply monitoring for problems to active prevention. Going forward, precision nursing based on risk assessment, evidence‑based practice, and smart healthcare technologies represents an important direction for postoperative care in BPH. Future efforts should focus on integrating preoperative prehabilitation, meticulous intraoperative management, dynamic postoperative management, and remote follow-up into a comprehensive nursing pathway, while conducting multicentre studies to validity its clinical value.