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Gastric parietal cell and thyroid autoantibodies in patients with oral lichen planus
Yi-Pang Lee1,2, Ying-Tai Jin3, Julia Yu-Fong Chang4,5,6
1Department of Dentistry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
Background/Purpose:
Gastric parietal cell antibody (GPCA), thyroglobulin antibody (TGA), and thyroid microsomal antibody (TMA) are organ-specific autoantibodies associated with autoimmune disorders. This study primarily aimed to determine the frequencies of serum GPCA, TGA, and TMA positivity in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP).
Materials And Methods:
Serum levels of GPCA, TGA, and TMA were evaluated in 588 OLP patients and in 588 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects.
Results:
Among 588 OLP patients, 23.6 %, 27.4 %, and 28.4 % tested positive for GPCA, TGA, and TMA, respectively, compared with 2.2 %, 2.0 %, and 2.6 % in the control group. Each autoantibody was significantly more prevalent in OLP patients than in healthy control subjects (all P-values < 0.001). In addition, 31 (5.3 %), 122 (20.7 %), and 130 (22.1 %) OLP patients demonstrated triple (GPCA + TGA + TMA), dual (GPCA + TGA, GPCA + TMA, or TGA + TMA), or single (GPCA only, TGA only, or TMA only) autoantibody positivity, respectively, compared with 3 (0.5 %), 10 (1.7 %), and 11 (1.9 %) healthy control subjects. Among the 159 TGA/TMA-positive OLP patients whose serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were assessed, 81.1 % exhibited TSH levels within the normal reference range, whereas 11.3 % and 7.6 % showed decreased and elevated TSH levels, respectively.
Conclusion:
Approximately 48.1 % of the 588 OLP patients demonstrated positivity for GPCA, TGA, and/or TMA. GPCA-positive individuals may be at risk for pernicious anemia, autoimmune atrophic gastritis, and gastric carcinoma, and TGA/TMA-positive individuals may exhibit thyroid dysfunction; thus, these autoantibody-positive patients should be referred for appropriate medical evaluation and follow-up.
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